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Disease

A rinkhals (Hemachatus haemachatus) in Hluhluwe, South Africa, performs a threat display. These snakes tend to live on the edges of human communities.

The High-Stakes Quest to Make Snakebites Survivable Took Leaps Forward This Year, With Promising New Avenues to Safer Antivenoms

A wave of fresh science is challenging a century-old treatment and offering hope to the people snakebites harm most—often far from hospitals and help

Juvenile sunflower sea stars at the Sunflower Star Laboratory in Moss Landing, California. At this phase, each is less than an inch wide, but they can grow to be more than three feet across as adults.

A Deadly Pathogen Decimated Sunflower Sea Stars. Look Inside the Lab Working to Bring Them Back by Freezing and Thawing Their Larvae

For the first time, scientists have cryopreserved and revived the larvae of a sea star species. The breakthrough, made with the giant pink star, gives hope the technique could be repeated to save the imperiled predator

A dead tree stands with its bare, white trunk and branches in contrast to the greenery around it.

What’s Killing These Oak Trees in the Midwest? Conservationists Believe Drifting Herbicides Are to Blame

When Illinois landowners noticed tree deaths and diseases on their properties ramp up in 2017, they suspected industrial agriculture. A survey found herbicides in 90 percent of tree tissues

A microscope image of HIV particles, in red, replicating from an infected cell, in blue.

A New Trial Put Immune System-Boosting Therapies to the Test to Fight HIV, Raising Hopes for Keeping the Virus at Bay

In the small study, seven out of ten participants maintained low levels of HIV for several months after receiving the experimental treatment and stopping their usual daily medications

Smithsonian magazine's picks for the best books about science in 2025 include Replaceable You, Dinner With King Tut and North to the Future.

The Best Books of 2025

The Ten Best Science Books of 2025

From “experimental archaeology” to the mysterious appeal of exploration, the wide-ranging subjects detailed in these titles captivated Smithsonian magazine’s science contributors this year

A digital illustration of an HIV-infected T cell. Once infected, the immune cell is hijacked by the virus to produce and release many new viral particles before dying. As more T cells are destroyed, the immune system is progressively weakened.

New Trials Hint That ‘Functional Cure’ for HIV May Be Within Reach, Helping Some Patients Achieve Lasting Remission

People infected with HIV must take antiretroviral drugs for life. But engineered antibodies appeared to suppress the virus for certain participants in recent trials in Africa and Europe

Thousands of men died as Napoleon's army retreated from Russia in 1812.

Cold, Hungry and Thirsty, Napoleon’s Troops Also Suffered From Several Diseases as They Retreated From Russia

New research finds evidence of two previously undocumented infections that likely plagued the French emperor’s Grande Armée during the retreat from Moscow

Nobel Committee Secretary-General Thomas Perlmann addresses journalists during an October 6 press conference announcing the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in Stockholm, Sweden.

Trio of Researchers Awarded Nobel Prize for Groundbreaking Discovery of Immune Cells That Prevent Autoimmune Disease

Mary Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi’s research revealed a new class of cells shaking up scientists’ understanding of the human immune system

Huntington's disease gradually damages the caudate nucleus, pictured in red. 

Experimental Gene Therapy Successfully Treats Huntington’s Disease for the First Time

Preliminary results from a small study offer hope for treatment of the degenerative disease

A healthy volunteer takes the Fastball test in his home alongside lead researcher George Stothart.

Three-Minute Take-Home Test May Identify Symptoms Linked to Alzheimer’s Disease Years Before a Traditional Diagnosis

Researchers say the experimental tool has huge implications for public health, especially in conjunction with Alzheimer’s drugs that are most effective in the disease’s early stages

An illustration of the ultrasound helmet

New Helmet-Shaped Device Could One Day Treat Conditions Such as Parkinson’s Without Invasive Surgery, Scientists Suggest

In a first-of-its-kind achievement, researchers non-invasively and precisely directed ultrasound beams to target a location deep within the brain

The vaccine can be administered to koalas in a single dose.

A New Vaccine Could Help Save Australia’s Beloved Koalas From Chlamydia, and It Just Got Approved

The disease causes blindness, infertility, severe urinary tract infections and death in the iconic, furry marsupials, which are also threatened by habitat loss

An aardvark emerges from its burrow.

Could Aardvark Burrows Be Ground Zero for the Next Pandemic?

Animals of all kinds mix and mingle in the underground refuges, offering troubling opportunities for diseases to jump species

This rabbit's "horns" are made of keratin, which is also found in hair and nails.

Rabbits With ‘Horns’ Seen in Colorado Are Going Viral. Here’s What’s Really Happening

Though the strange growths on these animals may look intimidating, experts say there’s not much to worry about, and they’re caused by a fairly common virus

Rheumatoid arthritis is often difficult to treat, and patients rely on immunosuppressant drugs. Now, a new implanted device promises to offer treatment without medication.

New, Implanted Device Could Offer a Long-Elusive, Drug-Free Treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis

The FDA just approved the SetPoint System, which electrically stimulates the vagus nerve to control inflammation from the chronic disease

The study found that regular exercise, along with other lifestyle changes, can slow cognitive decline in older adults.

Cognitive Decline Can Be Slowed Down With Lifestyle Changes, From Diet to Exercise and Social Time, New Study Suggests

A 2,100-participant clinical trial found that structured and self-guided lifestyle changes can improve cognitive capabilities in older, at-risk adults

Sea star wasting disease, seen here, makes starfish melt into goo or sludge.

Researchers Discover the Culprit Behind a Gruesome Disease That Makes Sea Stars Lose Their Limbs and Melt

A new study points a finger at a strain of the bacterium Vibrio pectenicida, which belongs to the same genus as Vibrio cholerae, known for causing cholera in humans

New light microscopy techniques can distinguish objects down to less than ten nanometers. 

These Super-Resolution Microscopes Are Revealing the Inner Lives of Cells

Advanced light microscopy techniques are giving scientists a new understanding of human biology and what goes wrong in diseases

Early detection cancer tests are showing signs of promise, but some researchers still have reservations.

Cancer DNA Can Be Detected in the Bloodstream Up to Three Years Before Diagnosis, Study Suggests

For a few individuals, scientists found genetic material from cancerous tumors in blood samples taken years before they were diagnosed through traditional methods

A Late Neolithic skull. For the recent study, scientists extracted DNA from skulls and teeth to look for traces of diseases.

With Ancient DNA, Scientists Have Mapped 37,000 Years of Disease Across Europe and Asia

Zoonoses—diseases that spread from animals to humans—began to gain prevalence some 6,500 years ago with the rise of animal husbandry, a new study suggests

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