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Water

Earth's core is mostly made of the metals iron and nickel, but it also contains lighter elements like hydrogen, oxygen and silicon. 

Earth’s Core Might Hold Dozens of Oceans Worth of Hydrogen, Hinting at the Origins of the Planet’s Vast Water Supply

Scientists have long debated whether most of Earth’s vital liquid was delivered via icy comets or was homemade

The 244-pound fish was the 27th halibut caught this season.

Ice Fishermen Catch Record-Breaking 244-Pound Atlantic Halibut After Hours-Long Struggle

Six men spent more than two hours tugging the massive flatfish from a frozen fjord in Quebec as part of a research project studying halibut populations in the region

The new map revealed tens of thousands of previously undiscovered landforms.

What’s Buried Beneath Antarctica’s Ice? A New Map Unveils the Continent’s Hidden Landscape Like Never Before

A better understanding of the bedrock can help researchers calculate how quickly the continent’s melting glaciers might affect sea-level rise

A combination of warm weather, torrential rain and a recent dry spell probably contributed to the low snowpack.

Snow Drought Hits the Western United States, Worrying Experts About the Region’s Water Supply

Snow melt from the mountains provides up to 75 percent of the West’s yearly water

Aarhus, Denmark, which refers to itself as the world’s smallest big city, boasts some of the most charming neighborhoods in Europe. These two beautifully symmetrical homes capture that charm perfectly.

Coastal Cities of Europe

These 15 Delightful Photos of Denmark Will Have You Booking Your Flights to Scandinavia This Weekend

A beautiful coastal land, there’s much to see in this northern European nation

The Valles Marineris canyon system, where the scientists focused their study

Three Billion Years Ago, Mars May Have Been Half Covered by a Sea the Size of the Arctic Ocean

Data from several probes studying the Red Planet helped geologists map what seems to be an ancient coastline

Ice can take on more than 20 forms, or phases, depending on the temperature and pressure conditions as water crystallizes.

Researchers Discover a New Phase of Ice by Squeezing Water Between Diamonds

The new form, called Ice XXI, appeared at room temperature in the lab, and it may have a similar density to ice on distant moons in our solar system

Icicles form on a fence and reflect the blue sky after an ice storm.

Smithsonian Photo Contest Galleries

Get an Eyeful of These 15 Photos of Incredibly Cool Icicles

Nature’s wintry accessory, icicles help beautify snowy landscapes

More than 1.8 billion people lived under drought conditions in 2022 and 2023, according to a report from the United Nations.

United Nations Declares That the World Has Entered an Era of ‘Global Water Bankruptcy’

We’re living beyond our hydrological means and need to focus on long-term recovery, according to a new report

Just a few of the hundreds of bar-shaped whetstones found on the north shore

Cool Finds

Hundreds of Ancient Roman Blade Sharpeners Emerge From a Riverbank in England, Revealing the Ruins of a 2,000-Year-Old Whetstone Factory

Archaeologists think the newly discovered artifacts remained at the production site because they were deemed unusable. Large numbers of completed whetstones may have supplied other parts of the Roman Empire

Researchers investigated Pompeii's water system, including the "water castle" pictured here, which served as the water distribution structure for Pompeii's aqueduct. 

New Research

The Public Baths of Ancient Pompeii Were Actually Pretty Gross—Until the Romans Built an Aqueduct

Hygienic conditions were poor in the city’s older bathing facilities, a new study reveals. The analysis sheds light on Pompeii’s water systems and residents’ bathing habits

The Northerner sank in 1868 and has been resting upright on the lakebed of Lake Michigan off the coast of Wisconsin ever since.

See a 157-Year-Old Great Lakes Shipwreck in Stunning Detail With This New 3D Scan

Last year, maritime archaeologists revisited the “Northerner” in Lake Michigan and captured hundreds of still images, which they stitched together to create a digital replica of the vessel

A satellite view of a phytoplankton bloom in the Southern Ocean

Earthquakes Deep Below Antarctic Waters Seem to Have Surprising Effects on Life at the Surface

Quakes may cause ocean floor vents to release more nutrients, triggering blooms in plantlike organisms called phytoplankton in the Southern Ocean

Volunteers have discovered more than 400 shoes while cleaning up rock pools.

Cool Finds

Hundreds of Mysterious Victorian-Era Shoes Are Washing Up on a Beach in Wales. Nobody Knows Where They Came From

The leading theory is that the black leather boots, which were discovered by volunteers, were traveling on a cargo ship that sank nearby roughly 150 years ago

Divers visited the site between 2022 and 2024.

New Research

Archaeologists Discover Mysterious 7,000-Year-Old Stone Wall Beneath the Waves Off the Coast of France

The sturdy, well-built structure was likely constructed on dry land at a time when sea levels were much lower than they are today

Divers explored the wreck site for the first time in August.

Mysterious Shipwreck Discovered in ‘Pristine’ Condition in Lake Ontario—With Its Masts Still Standing

Divers found the well-preserved vessel while searching for a different wreck called the “Rapid City,” which sank near Toronto in 1917

A similar situation unfolded in January 2023, when a burrowing owl (pictured here) was found aboard Royal Caribbean International’s Symphony of the Seas.

These Owls Took a Free Vacation on a Cruise Ship—but Soon They’ll Be Heading Home

A pair of burrowing owls made themselves at home aboard Royal Caribbean International’s Allure of the Seas in February, joining a trans-Atlantic sailing to Spain. They’ll return to the United States next month

Most of the canoes are still submerged in Lake Mendota, but archaeologists have recovered two of them.

Cool Finds

Archaeologists in Wisconsin Unearth an Ancient ‘Parking Lot’ With 16 Dugout Canoes—Including One That’s 5,200 Years Old

The team has several theories about how Indigenous groups created and used the vessels, which were discovered during research over the past five years

Concrete Coral by artist Leandro Erlich features 22 concrete cars submerged roughly 20 feet deep about 780 feet off the coast of Miami Beach.

Art Meets Science

Miami Beach’s Newest Art Installation Is Underwater—and It Doubles as a Habitat for Fish and Coral

Crews lowered 22 concrete cars to the ocean floor to create “Concrete Coral,” an installation by artist Leandro Erlich. The piece is the first phase of a project called REEFLINE

Boise Whitewater Park includes two adjustable wave features spread over a mile apart. The first is suitable for those beginning to surf, while the second phase is better for advanced levels to put on a show.

Rooted in the American West: Food, History and Culture

How Landlocked Idaho Became a Leader in Urban Surfing

Boise’s wave park is attracting outdoor adventurers—and the innovative public works project is inspiring other cities

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