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linguistics

The team analyzed 260 engraved objects discovered in caves in what is now southwest Germany, including this 40,000-year-old mammoth figurine.

New Research

Humans May Have Used These Mysterious Symbols to Encode Information Tens of Thousands of Years Before the First Writing Systems

The symbols, discovered on 40,000-year-old artifacts in caves in southwest Germany, may have been a precursor to the first written language

New research suggests that swearing boosts physical performance by reducing inhibitions.

Need a Quick Boost in Physical Strength? Try Blurting Out Some Curse Words, a Study Suggests

When repeating four-letter words, participants held a challenging physical task for longer than when they said neutral words. Cursing seemed to help them feel more focused, more confident and less distracted

An ogham stone in Cornwall, England

These Linguists Are Creating a New Dictionary of Ancient Celtic Languages—With Help From ‘Curse Tablets’ and Roman Records

The project aims to produce a record of the Celtic languages spoken in Britain and Ireland, though the majority of these words have already been lost to history

Merriam-Webster's word of 2025 is "slop," which first appeared in the 1700s.

Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Year for 2025 Is ‘Slop,’ the A.I.-Generated Junk That Fills Our Social Media Feeds

The word describes the onslaught of “digital content of low quality that is produced usually in quantity by means of artificial intelligence”

The Oxford University Press defines "rage bait" as "online content deliberately designed to elicit anger or outrage by being frustrating, provocative or offensive, typically posted in order to increase traffic to or engagement with a particular web page or social media account."

‘Rage Bait,’ Which Describes Online Content Created to Make Us Mad, Is Oxford’s 2025 Word of the Year

The term “has become shorthand for content designed to elicit anger by being frustrating, offensive or deliberately divisive in nature,” according to experts

Many fans have developed parasocial relationships with Taylor Swift and Travis Kelce, pictured here in January 2025 at the AFC Championship Game in Kansas City, Missouri.

Trending Today

Feel a Connection to a Celebrity You’ve Never Met? Your Bond May Be ‘Parasocial,’ Which Is Cambridge Dictionary’s Word of the Year for 2025

The term is used to describe “a connection that someone feels between themselves and a famous person they do not know,” according to the dictionary

Since June, searches for "67" on Dictionary.com have surged more than sixfold.

The Term ‘67’ Is ‘Impossible to Define.’ It Just Became Dictionary.com’s Word of the Year for 2025

The dictionary says the viral word, which has become particularly popular among members of Gen Alpha, is “meaningless, ubiquitous and nonsensical”

Experts have announced 6,212 new additions to the Cambridge Dictionary.

‘Delulu,’ ‘Skibidi’ and ‘Tradwife’ Are Among More Than 6,000 Words Added to the Cambridge Dictionary

Many of the additions reflect how internet culture has changed the English language in recent years

The Mayan Languages Preservation and Digitization Project (MLPP) was launched in 2023 to preserve around 20 Mayan languages, including Qʼeqchiʼ, Kʼicheʼ and Kaqchikel.

Millions of Maya Still Call Mesoamerica Home. This Groundbreaking Initiative Ushers the Rich Tapestry of Mayan Languages Into the Digital Age

The Mayan Languages Preservation and Digitization Project promotes tools designed by and for Indigenous communities, like online glossaries and special phone keyboards

A young bonobo female responds to group members.

There Might Be Something Human in the Way Bonobos Communicate—Their Calls Share a Key Trait With Our Language, Study Suggests

Researchers attempted to decode bonobo calls by recording their social context, then analyzed how the primates string together these vocalizations

A humpback whale

Humpback Whale Song Shares a Key Pattern With Human Language That Might Make It Easier for the Animals to Learn

Despite humans and whales being separated by millions of years of evolution, our vocalizations follow the same principle outlined in Zipf’s law

Seals with the signs and symbols of the Indus Valley civilization are waiting to be deciphered.

Officials Are Offering $1 Million to Anyone Who Can Decode This Ancient Script

The enigmatic Indus Valley civilization left behind a script that today’s historians haven’t yet deciphered. While amateur theories abound, scholars are increasingly relying on computer science to crack the code

Our most-read stories of the year featured photographer Vivian Maier, underwater caves in the Yucatán Peninsula, auroras and more.

Ten Top Smithsonian Stories of 2024, From a Mysterious Underground Chamber to Dazzling Auroras

The magazine’s most-read articles of the year included a close-up look at the adorable yet venomous pygmy slow loris, a profile of a little-known 20th-century street photographer and a majestic journey with divers into Mexico’s underwater caves

Merriam-Webster has been printing English dictionaries since 1831.

‘Polarization’ Is Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Year for 2024

The winning word beat out finalists such as “demure,” “pander,” “totality,” “fortnight,” “allision” and “democracy”

"Brain rot," which is now linked to social media overload, first appeared in Henry David Thoreau's Walden in 1854.

‘Brain Rot,’ the Scourge of the Chronically Online, Becomes Oxford’s 2024 Word of the Year

The term refers to “the supposed deterioration of a person’s mental or intellectual state” that’s linked to spending extensive stretches of time scrolling through low-quality content

Jools Lebron's viral social media video about being "very demure, very mindful" while getting ready for work led to a massive increase in the use of the word "demure."

‘Demure’ Is Dictionary.com’s Word of the Year for 2024

The term’s popularity skyrocketed after content creator Jools Lebron used it in a now-viral TikTok video, in which she described being “very demure, very mindful”

The clay cylinders were found in a tomb containing six skeletons.

Archaeologists Say These Mysterious Markings Could Be the World’s Oldest Known Alphabetic Writing

Found etched into clay cylinders in Syria, the strange symbols date to around 2400 B.C.E.—500 years before other known alphabetic scripts

The origins of the word "OK" have long been a subject of scholarly debate.

How One Man Discovered the Obscure Origins of the Word ‘OK’

From Civil War biscuits to a Haitian port town, theories about the word’s beginnings abounded

Two unidentified Gullah Geechee women photographed by Lorenzo Dow Turner in the early 1930s

How the Memory of a Song Reunited Two Women Separated by the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade

In 1990, scholars found a Sierra Leonean woman who remembered a nearly identical version of a tune passed down by a Georgia woman’s enslaved ancestors

Accents center on the pronunciation of words, while dialects encompass pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. Here, the subjects of Grant Wood's American Gothic channel speaking styles popular in California and New York.

A Brief History of the United States’ Accents and Dialects

Migration patterns, cultural ties, geographic regions and class differences all shape speaking patterns

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