Content ID:
Field:


  • About Smithsonian
  • Email Updates
  • Member Services
  • Shop
  • Archive
Smithsonian.com
  • Smithsonian Institution
  • Smithsonian Channel
  • goSmithsonian
  • Air & Space magazine
  • Home
  • History & Archaeology
  • People & Places
  • Science & Nature
  • Arts & Culture
  • Travel
  • Photos & Videos
  • Games & Puzzles
  • Subscribe
  • Art & Artists
  • Music & Literature
  • Photo of the Day
  • Smithsonian Institution
  • Trends & Traditions
  • Arts & Culture

Forging its Own Future

Dedicated metalsmiths help a Memphis museum revive a lost American art form

  • By Matt Dellinger
  • Smithsonian magazine, May 2006

Article Tools

  • Font
  • Share/Save/Bookmark Share
  • Email
  • Print
  • Digg Digg
  • Comments
  • StumbleUpon StumbleUpon
  • RSS
  • Reddit Reddit

    Related Topics

    Industrial Design

    20th Century

    Tennessee

    Museums

    From the gazebo at the National Ornamental Metal Museum, high on a bluff south of downtown Memphis, the world resembles nothing so much as a mural by Thomas Hart Benton. Day and night, barges steer through a wide bend of the Mississippi, while freight trains and Interstate 55 traffic rattle the steel truss bridges to and from Arkansas. The gazebo is a nice spot for a sunset wedding or a glass of whiskey after a day pounding steel.

    Forged-steel gates, painted black with  gold-leaf trim and dappled with hundreds of rosettes, open to the museum grounds, a riverside oasis shaded by century-old oak trees and strewn with sculpture, some of it peculiar—a metal yellow flower, eight feet tall; a cast-aluminum lion holding out a paw; and a green-and-yellow fence piece shaped like a row of cornstalks.

    The gallery, which is inside a 1930s brick building with a white portico, recently displayed exquisitely crafted chastity contraptions, an exhibition titled “Impenetrable Devices.” This is uncharacteristically avant-garde. The 3,000 items in the museum’s permanent collection tend more toward decorative copper vases, silver jewelry, gothic boxes and wrought-iron crucifixes.

    The smithy, the heart of the place, is across the lawn from the gallery. Here metalsmiths in safety glasses and leather aprons work amid blasts of heat and earsplitting noise. Along the back wall, coal hearths fire metal to glowing red-hot and white. Two green, refrigerator-size power hammers dominate the center of the room. An array of chisels, anvils, electric buffers and other tools clutter the sooty worktables. Cigarette butts and metal shavings litter the concrete floor. Jim Wallace, the museum’s first and only director, can usually be found in the thick of it all, hammering at an anvil or cutting or grinding steel.

    Wallace, 58, is tall and white haired, with a bushy white mustache and soot-stained jeans. Nearly 30 years ago when the three-acre site, formerly the home of the U.S. Marine Hospital, was just grass stubble and derelict buildings, the city leased the property—a dollar a year—to a group of metalworkers who wanted to start a museum. Wallace, then a blacksmith in Colorado, was recruited to head it. He says his main qualification for the director’s job was gullibility. “The board had approached several people,” he recalls, “but they were all museum professionals, so they knew better. I had a young family, and I figured I’ll come here and work two years, save enough money and move to Montana.” He shrugs. “It didn’t work out that way.”

    Wallace moved his family into a ramshackle duplex on the property and started converting an abandoned nurses’ dormitory into exhibition space, doing much of the painting, plumbing, wiring and bricklaying himself. “There were snakes in the gallery,” recalls sculptor John Medwedeff, who was an intern at the museum during its fledgling years. “The phone would cut out. Four visitors on a Saturday was a big deal.”

    Wallace’s three sons grew up on the property, and all learned metalworking. One of them, Jed, still works nights in the smithy—fueled by hot tea that he drinks from porcelain cups—sometimes till four in the morning.

    Next door to the smithy is the foundry, where steel is melted and poured into molds. (Iron used to be the craft’s main raw material, but these days it’s steel.) Here and in the smithy, museum staffers teach classes on basic forging and casting. They also undertake commissions, such as trophies for Memphis’ premier barbecue festival (cleavers, mounted on wooden pedestals, surrounded by small metal pigs) and a sterling coffee and tea service for the USS Tennessee, a nuclear submarine. When Graceland’s front gates needed an overhaul, they were trucked here for restoration.

    From the gazebo at the National Ornamental Metal Museum, high on a bluff south of downtown Memphis, the world resembles nothing so much as a mural by Thomas Hart Benton. Day and night, barges steer through a wide bend of the Mississippi, while freight trains and Interstate 55 traffic rattle the steel truss bridges to and from Arkansas. The gazebo is a nice spot for a sunset wedding or a glass of whiskey after a day pounding steel.

    Forged-steel gates, painted black with  gold-leaf trim and dappled with hundreds of rosettes, open to the museum grounds, a riverside oasis shaded by century-old oak trees and strewn with sculpture, some of it peculiar—a metal yellow flower, eight feet tall; a cast-aluminum lion holding out a paw; and a green-and-yellow fence piece shaped like a row of cornstalks.

    The gallery, which is inside a 1930s brick building with a white portico, recently displayed exquisitely crafted chastity contraptions, an exhibition titled “Impenetrable Devices.” This is uncharacteristically avant-garde. The 3,000 items in the museum’s permanent collection tend more toward decorative copper vases, silver jewelry, gothic boxes and wrought-iron crucifixes.

    The smithy, the heart of the place, is across the lawn from the gallery. Here metalsmiths in safety glasses and leather aprons work amid blasts of heat and earsplitting noise. Along the back wall, coal hearths fire metal to glowing red-hot and white. Two green, refrigerator-size power hammers dominate the center of the room. An array of chisels, anvils, electric buffers and other tools clutter the sooty worktables. Cigarette butts and metal shavings litter the concrete floor. Jim Wallace, the museum’s first and only director, can usually be found in the thick of it all, hammering at an anvil or cutting or grinding steel.

    Wallace, 58, is tall and white haired, with a bushy white mustache and soot-stained jeans. Nearly 30 years ago when the three-acre site, formerly the home of the U.S. Marine Hospital, was just grass stubble and derelict buildings, the city leased the property—a dollar a year—to a group of metalworkers who wanted to start a museum. Wallace, then a blacksmith in Colorado, was recruited to head it. He says his main qualification for the director’s job was gullibility. “The board had approached several people,” he recalls, “but they were all museum professionals, so they knew better. I had a young family, and I figured I’ll come here and work two years, save enough money and move to Montana.” He shrugs. “It didn’t work out that way.”

    Wallace moved his family into a ramshackle duplex on the property and started converting an abandoned nurses’ dormitory into exhibition space, doing much of the painting, plumbing, wiring and bricklaying himself. “There were snakes in the gallery,” recalls sculptor John Medwedeff, who was an intern at the museum during its fledgling years. “The phone would cut out. Four visitors on a Saturday was a big deal.”

    Wallace’s three sons grew up on the property, and all learned metalworking. One of them, Jed, still works nights in the smithy—fueled by hot tea that he drinks from porcelain cups—sometimes till four in the morning.

    Next door to the smithy is the foundry, where steel is melted and poured into molds. (Iron used to be the craft’s main raw material, but these days it’s steel.) Here and in the smithy, museum staffers teach classes on basic forging and casting. They also undertake commissions, such as trophies for Memphis’ premier barbecue festival (cleavers, mounted on wooden pedestals, surrounded by small metal pigs) and a sterling coffee and tea service for the USS Tennessee, a nuclear submarine. When Graceland’s front gates needed an overhaul, they were trucked here for restoration.

    Every October, the museum sponsors a kind of metalworking orgy called Repair Days. A hundred or so metal artists from around the country volunteer for three days to fix whatever anybody brings in—antique earrings, candelabras, dysfunctional door hinges, bed frames, dented steamer trunks. “Anything but cats, cars and broken hearts,” is the museum’s motto. Or, as Wallace puts it, “from absolute trash to a Paul Revere chocolate pitcher.” Repair fees go to the museum; the artists get venison stew and beer.

    At last year’s Repair Days, Rick Smith, head of the blacksmithing program at Southern Illinois University, fashioned a new antler out of casting wax for a pot-metal deer. Nearby, Medwedeff melted the end of a pen-size rod with a blowtorch, then applied its molten tip to the broken edges of a metal mare’s leg like Crazy Glue. A Kansas University teaching assistant looked on as undergraduate Amelia Fader repaired a wedding ring. “‘Just fix it like it’s for your mother, not the pope,’” Fader says she was advised.

    As the museum has grown—it now gets some 30,000 visitors annually—so too has the art of decorative metalworking. Demand for it declined during the Great Depression and World War II, when money and metal were scarce, and again during the rise of Modernism, which emphasized clean, unadorned style. But it rebounded in the 1970s when Southern Illinois established a blacksmithing degree program and a major metalworking text was published, the first in decades. In 1974 the Artists’ Blacksmith Association of North America listed 150 members; today it has more than 4,000.

    Younger smiths see themselves more as artists than artisans, but the museum embraces both. “It’s all metal,” says Wallace. “You use the same principles. We speak the same language at the core level.”

    He is working on converting the last dilapidated building on the grounds into a library for metalworking sources. He says that once it opens next year, he’ll retire in Arkansas, where he’ll spend “more time standing in front of an anvil and less running things.” Not that he has regrets. “Metalwork needed to have one place to call home,” he says, “and this is the place.”


    1 2


    Related topics: Industrial Design 20th Century Tennessee Museums

     
    Comments

    I have an old metal bed that got a deep scrap from moving is this fixable?

    Posted by Marilyn Stephens on January 12,2009 | 06:33AM

    Post a Comment


    Name: (required)

    Email: (required)

    Comment:



    Advertisement


    Most Popular Video

    • Newest
    • Most Viewed
    Coral Reef Spawn

    How Coral Reefs Spawn

    Watch coral reefs reproduce in a flurry of carefully-timed action

    Flipping Out Over Pinball

    David Silverman has collected more than 800 pinball machines to preserve their history

    Sing Along to the Messiah

    Sing Along to the Messiah

    The story within Handel's famous piece is what drives its enduring popularity

    A Rare Look at Tucker Cars

    Collector David Cammack owns three of the 43 remaining cars in existence designed by Preston Tucker

    The Residents of Arlington Cemetery

    While President Kennedy may be one of the best known gravesites in Arlington, there are many other notable Americans buried there

    The Ju/'Hoansi Tribe in Action

    Over the course of 50 years, John Marshall filmed the African tribe, tracking how their nomadic culture slowly died out

    Watch the Gecko's Tail Flip

    Leopard geckos can shed their tail to distract predators, and the tails can leap up to 3 cm in one jump

    A Final Takeoff

    Watch one of Amelia Earhart's final takeoffs

    Most Popular

    • Viewed
    • Emailed
    • Commented
    1. Ten Notable Apocalypses That (Obviously) Didn’t Happen
    2. Tattoos
    3. A Brief History of the Salem Witch Trials
    4. Top Ten Places Where Life Shouldn't Exist... But Does
    5. Wolves and the Balance of Nature in the Rockies
    6. 28 Places to See Before You Die—the Taj Mahal, Grand Canyon and More
    7. John Brown's Day of Reckoning
    8. Ethiopia's Exotic Monkeys
    9. How Arlington National Cemetery Came to Be
    10. Evolution in the Deepest River in the World
    1. Ten Notable Apocalypses That (Obviously) Didn’t Happen
    2. Crawling Around with Baltimore Street Rats
    3. How Arlington National Cemetery Came to Be
    4. Invasion of the Longhorn Beetles
    5. 28 Places to See Before You Die—the Taj Mahal, Grand Canyon and More
    6. Ethiopia's Exotic Monkeys
    7. The Surprising Satisfactions of a Home Funeral
    8. Boise, Idaho: Big Skies and Colorful Characters
    9. Memoirs of a World War II Buffalo Soldier
    10. Tattoos
    1. Ten Notable Apocalypses That (Obviously) Didn’t Happen
    2. Evolution in the Deepest River in the World
    3. How Arlington National Cemetery Came to Be
    4. Artist William Wegman
    5. A Brief History of the Salem Witch Trials
    6. From Brooklyn to Worthington, Minnesota
    7. Memoirs of a World War II Buffalo Soldier
    8. Man Ray’s Signature Work
    9. What would you add to the Smithsonian Life List?
    10. The Rescue of Henry Clay

    - - - Advertisements - - -


    Join Us

    Facebook

    Facebook

    Become a fan of Smithsonian magazine's official Facebook page!

    Twitter

    Follow Smithsonian magazine on Twitter

    In The Magazine

    December 2009 Issue Cover

    December 2009

    • Wildlife Trafficking
    • Hallelujah
    • The Pyramid Man
    • Glee Mail
    • Savoring Puebla

    View Table of Contents »

    Smithsonian magazine presents

    6th Annual Smithsonian Photo Contest Winners

    Out of more than 17,000 entries contributed from around the world, Smithsonian and its readers select the year's best

    • Smithsonian Store
    • Smithsonian Journeys

    Kokeshi Dolls

    Item No. 85070

    Antarctica: Aboard National Geographic Explorer

    Journey to Antarctica to experience this otherworldly and unparalleled wilderness up close. (Jan 7 - 21, 2010)



    View full archiveRecent Issues

    • December 2009 Issue Cover
      Dec 2009

    • November 2009 Issue
      Nov 2009

    • October 2009 Issue Cover
      Oct 2009

    Newsletter

    Sign up for regular email updates from Smithsonian magazine, including free newsletters, special offers and current news updates.

    Subscribe Now

    About Us

    Smithsonian.com expands on Smithsonian magazine's in-depth coverage of history, science, nature, the arts, travel, world culture and technology. Join us regularly as we take a dynamic and interactive approach to exploring modern and historic perspectives on the arts, sciences, nature, world culture and travel, including videos, blogs and a reader forum.

    Explore our Brands

    • goSmithsonian.com
    • Smithsonian Air & Space Museum
    • Smithsonian Institution
    • Smithsonian Catalogue
    • Smithsonian Journeys
    • Smithsonian Channel
    • Site Map
    • Privacy Policy
    • Copyright
    • About Smithsonian
    • Contact Us
    • Advertising
    • Reader Panel
    • Subscribe
    • RSS
    • Topics

    Smithsonian Institution

    Produced by Clickability