The Full Brontë
The British countryside is home to the real sites behind Jane Eyre, Wuthering Heights and other works by the literary sisters
- By William Ecenbarger
- Smithsonian.com, September 03, 2009, Subscribe
The storm had been assembling itself all morning, and finally the glowering sky, veined with lightning, loosed a rain of Old Testament proportions. Alan Pinkney looked up approvingly, then turned to the seven walkers he was leading and exclaimed, “This is perfect—I can almost see Heathcliff riding across the moor!”
We had ignored the clouds to hike some three miles to a remote, ruined farmhouse named Top Withins. It was little more than crumbling walls, but in its original form it is widely believed to have been the model for Wuthering Heights, home of the wild and mysterious Mr. Heathcliff in Emily Brontë’s classic 1847 novel of passion, rage and revenge.
This was the first of five days that we followed in the footsteps of Britain’s most famous literary family, the Brontë sisters–Emily, Charlotte and Anne–the authors of Wuthering Heights, Jane Eyre and other, lesser-known masterpieces. Like the sisters a century and a half earlier, we took long walks across the bleak Yorkshire moors and through the stupendous sweep of scenery in Derbyshire’s Peak District, all the while touching the landscapes and buildings that animated their work.
“A Brontë tour is unparalleled in its richness because you have the unique situation of three literary geniuses spending most of their creative lives in the same place,” says Pinkney, who spent three weeks putting together the walk along the “Brontë Trail” for the Wayfarers, a 25-year-old British company specializing in small-group walking tours. “And the only way to do it right is on foot.”
Indeed, it can be argued that much of 18th- and 19th-century English literature was born afoot. Not only the Brontës, but Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy, Samuel Coleridge, William Wordsworth, John Keats, Sir Walter Scott, Jane Austen and Thomas Carlyle were all members in good standing of the walkers club. (In fact, previous Wayfarers walks have focused on Hardy, Wordsworth and Scott, and there are plans for an Austen walk.)
Ground zero for a Brontë pilgrimage is Haworth, a former wool-manufacturing town whose cobblestone streets climb steeply to a square and St. Michael’s Parish church, where the sisters’ father, Patrick Brontë, was curate and where the family vault lies beneath an inscribed stone. The church has been rebuilt since the Brontës’ day, but a few steps away is the parsonage, a stone Georgian structure that remains much as it was when it was built in 1778. The sisters spent nearly all of their lives there, and it is now operated as a museum by the Brontë Society.
The museum is furnished with an array of Brontë artifacts, including Charlotte's wedding bonnet, Anne's writing desk and the black sofa where Emily died. Just to the left of the entrance door is the dining room, where the sisters penned their novels by candlelight. “With the amount of creativity going on here back then, it’s a miracle the roof didn’t blow off,” says Ann Dinsdale, museum collections manager, who gave several talks to our group.
Leaving the parsonage, we walked single file past the graveyard and its tombstones canted by the frosts of hundreds of Yorkshire winters. The inscriptions identify dozens of children and young adults. Haworth was a grim place during the Brontës’ time, as disease reduced life expectancy to 25 years. (All three sisters died in their 30s, Emily and Anne of tuberculosis in 1848 and 1849, respectively, and Charlotte of tuberculosis and complications from pregnancy in 1855.)
Soon we were on the moors. While the parsonage was the Brontës’ creative sanctuary, it was the wild and desolate moors that fired their imaginative and descriptive powers. Early in Wuthering Heights, Emily wrote: “[O]ne may guess the power of the north wind...by the excessive slant of a few stunted firs... and by a range of gaunt thorns all stretching their limbs one way, as if craving alms from the sun.”
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Comments (6)
Great article - brave souls to walk 10 miles a day! I took a similar journey through England (although I had a car!) in search of all-things-Brontë, enjoying Haworth and Hathersage too. I just wanted to mention to your readers that they can actually stay at North Lees Hall... it was a highlight of my trip to sleep there for a week. The Hathersage area is fantastic for hiking, and the building is beautifully maintained. What a delight!
Thanks for a great site filled with helpful and interesting information,
Denise
www.ScribbleManiac.com
Posted by Denise Miotke on September 6,2010 | 10:10 PM
I was fortunate to do this same walking trip with Alan Pinkney in September. Unlike the author's experience earlier in the summer, our weather at Top Withins was fine, but there is still plenty of drama in the place. Hearing Emily's description of Top Withins--and also Charlotte's of Thornfield Hall--while actually standing on the spot that fired their imagination was pretty thrilling. This article captured the magical experience of successfully combining literary history with a walking adventure.
Posted by Carol Lingman on September 25,2009 | 07:53 PM
If you are referring to the ruined Farmhouse at Top Withins, then there can be no better location for Emily's description of Wuthering Heights. ps The ladder style was a piece of cake !
Posted by Patricia Gallagher on September 17,2009 | 05:40 AM
The author does not mention the forbidding ladder stile between the Bronte waterfall and the shepherd's hut that has been fancifully identified with Wuthering Heights. This lapse make me wonder if the walk took place at all...
Posted by James Arnold on September 12,2009 | 01:21 PM
This article and the pictures helped me to relive this wonderful experience. I truly enjoyed reading this.
Posted by Lenore Rosenberg on September 8,2009 | 06:34 AM
Very good article and lovely pictures. The two contributors did a good job of bringing back wonderful memories of my trip to the gorgeous English countryside. Keep up the good work.
Posted by Janet Keener on September 4,2009 | 06:30 AM